By the end of 1871 nearly 50,000 people lived in a sprawling polyglot mining camp that was later named Kimberley. Richer finds in “dry diggings” in 1870 led to a large-scale rush. Diamonds and confederationĪ chance find in 1867 had drawn several thousand fortune seekers to alluvial diamond diggings along the Orange, Vaal, and Harts rivers. These dramatic changes were propelled by two linked forces: the development of a capitalist mining industry and a sequence of imperialist interventions by Britain. British colonies, Boer republics, and African kingdoms all came under British control. As the predominantly agrarian societies of European South Africa began to urbanize and industrialize, the region evolved into a major supplier of precious minerals to the world economy gold especially was urgently needed to back national currencies and ensure the continued flow of expanding international trade. Midway between these dates, in 1886, the world’s largest goldfields were discovered on the Witwatersrand. South Africa experienced a transformation between 1870, when the diamond rush to Kimberley began, and 1902, when the South African War ended.
The intensification of apartheid in the 1930s.Black, Coloured, and Indian political responses.Reconstruction, union, and segregation (1902–29).Afrikaner and African politics in the Cape.Diamonds, gold, and imperialist intervention (1870–1902).The expansion of European colonialism ( c.SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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